{"id":"gemini","hidden":false,"ipfs":"QmXZAGNo7g6LGG1FiJhp78ERUMhA3CG3FUyeRVWrAwprN6","language":"en","transactionHash":"0x2ef0169c6660c05fc3640a7044c841b2089e145ffc7d9623fe72db78a79066b1","created":"2022-07-19T20:56:30.821Z","updated":"2025-08-25T18:32:00.999Z","title":"Gemini ","summary":"Gemini is a New York-regulated cryptocurrency exchange and custodian whose publicly traded parent operates a broader crypto-and-markets platform.","content":"**Gemini** is a digital currency exchange and custodian that allows customers to buy, sell, and store digital assets. Gemini is a New York trust company that is regulated by the New York State Department of Financial Services (NYDFS). It was founded in 2014 by [Cameron](https://iq.wiki/wiki/cameron-winklevoss) and [Tyler Winklevoss](https://iq.wiki/wiki/tyler-winklevoss). Gemini’s parent, Gemini Space Station, Inc., is publicly traded on Nasdaq under the ticker GEMI, and the business has broadened into a crypto-and-markets platform.[[20]](#cite-id-thrr4za63k)[[21]](#cite-id-sdfe0pd3f3)\n\n$$widget0 [YOUTUBE@VID](https://youtube.com/watch?v=UZ6Tz9YJ-3w)$$\n\n## Overview\nIn June 2016, according to CNBC report, Gemini became the world's first licensed Ether exchange. In May 2018, it was announced that Gemini had become the world’s first licensed [Zcash](https://iq.wiki/wiki/zcash) exchange. Gemini served users and institutions in more than 60 countries as of December 31, 2025. In February 2026, it announced plans to wind down operations in the UK, EU, other European jurisdictions, and Australia, refocusing resources on the US; the company’s 2025 annual report states that it continues to operate in Singapore. In 2025, the exchange expanded its services for institutional clients in several European jurisdictions, including Switzerland and the UK, through a partnership with Bank Frick.[[13]](#cite-id-TXUdy6A6BT)[[20]](#cite-id-thrr4za63k)[[22]](#cite-id-plvj2gitlh)\n\nGemini reported revenue of $45.5 million in Q2 2026, up 37% year over year, and a net loss of $107.7 million. Services revenue grew while exchange revenue declined amid lower crypto trading activity.[[21]](#cite-id-sdfe0pd3f3)\n\nPrimary competitors include [Coinbase](https://iq.wiki/wiki/coinbase), [Binance](https://iq.wiki/wiki/binance), [Bitstamp](https://iq.wiki/wiki/bitstamp), and [Kraken](https://iq.wiki/wiki/kraken). All users are able to trade [cryptocurrency](https://iq.wiki/wiki/cryptocurrency) and fiat currency on an open market. Users are able to transfer USD to and from their bank accounts. In August 2025, Gemini filed a registration statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for an initial public offering (IPO), with plans to list on the Nasdaq under the ticker symbol \"GEMI\".[[14]](#cite-id-W55TJ0DGig)\n\nGemini began in order to facilitate the purchase and storage of [Bitcoin](https://iq.wiki/wiki/bitcoin) through a complex system of private keys and password protected environments. Only a small percentage of the total bitcoin on the exchange is held online to minimize the risk of loss from hacking. As pointed out by the site *Profit Confidential* regarding compromised exchanges:[[2]](#cite-id-v0gv27q3yml)\n\n> To be perfectly honest, there is no yes or no answer to the “Are [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) exchanges safe” question. Going purely on past records, they are safe though exchanges like [Poloniex](https://iq.wiki/wiki/poloniex) have been hacked. This does not make Poloniex any less safe than the others. People who hack exchanges are constantly upgrading their methods, and likewise, the exchanges are trying to stay a step ahead. The best bet is to use offline storage of ETHs once the transaction is complete.[[5]](#cite-id-nnnriuatej)\n\n*The New York Times* has reported that Gemini is trusted by [Ari Paul](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ari-paul), of the hedge fund [BlockTower Capital](https://iq.wiki/wiki/blocktower-capital), who deals in virtual currency. According to reports by both Bloomberg News and *Fortune* magazine, Gemini was the first exchange to launch bitcoin [futures contracts](https://iq.wiki/wiki/futures-contracts) in December 2017. *Fortune* reported that Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) uses Gemini \"as the basis for the daily settlement for the bitcoin futures\".[[2]](#cite-id-v0gv27q3yml)\n\n$$widget0 [YOUTUBE@VID](https://youtube.com/watch?v=se1WylROXpE)$$\n\n## History\n[Tyler](https://iq.wiki/wiki/tyler-winklevoss) and [Cameron Winklevoss](https://iq.wiki/wiki/cameron-winklevoss) announced Gemini in June 2013 and the company went live on October 25, 2015. Gemini began adding to the financial services it offers thereafter, some of which include FIX and API support. On May 5, 2016 Governor Andrew Cuomo of New York State announced the approval of Gemini as the first licensed [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) exchange based in the United States. Additionally, in 2016, Gemini announced it would allow users to withdraw [Ethereum Classic](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum-classic) (ETC) from the exchange, following a [hard fork](https://iq.wiki/wiki/hard-fork) in [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum)'s code.[[3]](#cite-id-8pq2b5vi3rp)[[4]](#cite-id-po9manz5z6)\n\nIn October 2017, Gemini announced that it was allowing registered users to withdraw [Bitcoin Cash](https://iq.wiki/wiki/bitcoin-cash) from the exchange provided they had a balance available on the exchange prior to the [Bitcoin](https://iq.wiki/wiki/bitcoin) hard [fork](https://iq.wiki/wiki/fork) in August 2017.[[5]](#cite-id-nnnriuatej)\n\n*Fortune* reported that Cboe uses Gemini to settle its [Bitcoin](https://iq.wiki/wiki/bitcoin) [futures contracts](https://iq.wiki/wiki/futures-contracts), \"XBT\", in December 2017. Cboe partnered with Gemini so as to use Gemini's dollar denominated auction price for these contracts.[[11]](#cite-id-3tp8e0ke9df)\n\nAccording to Bloomberg News, Gemini began offering \"[Block](https://iq.wiki/wiki/block) Trading\" in April 2018. Block Trading enables Gemini users to buy and sell large quantities of digital assets outside of Gemini's continuous order books, creating an additional liquidity mechanism when trading in greater size.[[15]](#cite-id-YyK2yi2n38)\n\nThe Winklevoss twins said that their main goal in 2018 was to add [Bitcoin Cash](https://iq.wiki/wiki/bitcoin-cash) and [Litecoin](https://iq.wiki/wiki/litecoin).[[9]](#cite-id-hxh29o6zey9)\n\nIn March 2018, Gemini added a number of partnerships and products to its portfolio and network. It announced a partnership with Caspian, the full-stack [cryptocurrency](https://iq.wiki/wiki/cryptocurrency) trading and risk management platform for institutional and complex investors.[[6]](#cite-id-c4v28ccoj3r)[[7]](#cite-id-36c6pp2zi34)\n\nIn April 2018, it was reported by Reuters that Gemini would be utilizing NASDAQ's SMARTS technology to monitor trades and combat fraudulent activity and price manipulation on its exchange.[[12]](#cite-id-bm4sk9fohs4)\n\nOn May 14, 2018, the New York Department of Financial Services announced it had approved Gemini to offer [Zcash](https://iq.wiki/wiki/zcash) (ZEC) on their platform. The NYDFS commented that its decision was a \"continuation of New York's longstanding commitment to innovation and leadership in the marketplace.\" Gemini's CEO, [Tyler Winklevoss](https://iq.wiki/wiki/tyler-winklevoss), was quoted in the same press-release saying that Gemini \"is proud to be the first licensed exchange in the world to offer [Zcash](https://iq.wiki/wiki/zcash) trading and custody services.\"[[1]](#cite-id-9uxi4mx6vhq)\n\nOn September 10th, 2018, Bloomberg News reported that Gemini had received regulatory approval for a new product, the Gemini dollar (GUSD) from the NYDFS and would launch trading of the coin that same day. Gemini described the product as a [stablecoin](https://iq.wiki/wiki/stablecoin) which maintains a 1-to-1 peg with the American dollar.[[12]](#cite-id-bm4sk9fohs4)\n\nIn March 2025, Gemini expanded its services in Europe, enabling institutional clients in the UK, Switzerland, and other jurisdictions to make US dollar deposits and withdrawals without conversion fees through a partnership with Liechtenstein-based Bank Frick.[[13]](#cite-id-TXUdy6A6BT)\n\nOn August 18, 2025, the company filed for an IPO in the United States, signaling its intent to become a publicly traded company.[[14]](#cite-id-W55TJ0DGig)\n\nGemini Space Station, Inc. began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker GEMI on September 12, 2025. Its IPO closed on September 15, 2025, with 15,937,501 Class A shares sold at $28 per share, generating approximately $433.4 million in gross proceeds for the company before underwriting discounts, commissions, and estimated expenses.[[23]](#cite-id-2kxcpvlihk)\n\nIn December 2025, Gemini launched Gemini Predictions through Gemini Titan, its CFTC-regulated Designated Contract Market, expanding beyond crypto trading into event contracts.[[20]](#cite-id-thrr4za63k)\n\nOn February 5, 2026, Gemini announced plans to exit and wind down operations in the UK, EU, other European jurisdictions, and Australia, refocus its international footprint around the US and Singapore, and cut up to 200 jobs, about a quarter of its workforce. The announcement said CFO Dan Chen, Chief Legal Officer Tyler Meade, and COO Marshall Beard would leave. Danijela Stojanovic would serve as interim CFO and Kate Freedman as interim General Counsel; the COO role would not be filled, and [Cameron Winklevoss](https://iq.wiki/wiki/cameron-winklevoss) would assume revenue-generating responsibilities previously handled by the COO.[[20]](#cite-id-thrr4za63k)[[22]](#cite-id-plvj2gitlh)\n\nIn May 2026, Winklevoss Capital Fund made a $100 million strategic investment in Gemini at $14 per share, paid in bitcoin.[[24]](#cite-id-oqykjuairj)\n\n## Products and Services\n\n\n### Gemini Predictions\nGemini Predictions offers event contracts to eligible US users on topics including crypto prices, politics, sports, and culture. Gemini reported more than 225 million cumulative contracts traded by the end of Q2 2026, with contracts traded increasing 93% quarter over quarter.[[21]](#cite-id-sdfe0pd3f3)\n\nGemini received a CFTC Derivatives Clearing Organization license on April 29, 2026. Its clearinghouse went live on August 4, 2026, to clear Gemini’s prediction contracts. The company said the infrastructure could support a future expansion into futures, options, and perpetual contracts.[[24]](#cite-id-oqykjuairj)[[21]](#cite-id-sdfe0pd3f3)\n\n### Agentic Trading\nLaunched in April 2026, Agentic Trading lets customers connect [AI agents](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ai-agents) through Gemini’s API to place trades, monitor markets, and manage risk.[[24]](#cite-id-oqykjuairj)\n\n### Stock Trading\nOn July 7, 2026, Gemini launched zero-commission stock trading for US customers in eligible states.[[21]](#cite-id-sdfe0pd3f3)\n\n### Nifty Gateway Acquisition\nIn November 2019, Gemini acquired Nifty Gateway, a platform for buying and selling non-fungible tokens (NFTs). The acquisition marked Gemini's entry into the growing digital collectibles market and allowed Nifty Gateway to [leverage](https://iq.wiki/wiki/leverage) Gemini's custody and security infrastructure. Gemini discontinued Nifty Gateway in January 2026 as it refocused on its core exchange and prediction markets.[[20]](#cite-id-thrr4za63k)\n\n### Gemini Credit Card\n\nIn August 2025, Gemini announced a partnership with [Ripple](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ripple-labs) to launch an [XRP](https://iq.wiki/wiki/xrp)-rewards version of its credit card. The limited-edition metal card, issued by WebBank, allows users to earn [cryptocurrency](https://iq.wiki/wiki/cryptocurrency) rewards on purchases, which are deposited into their Gemini account instantly. Cardholders can earn up to 4% back in [XRP](https://iq.wiki/wiki/xrp) on fuel and EV charging, 3% on dining, 2% on groceries, and 1% on all other transactions. The partnership also included expanding the use of [Ripple](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ripple-labs)'s [stablecoin](https://iq.wiki/wiki/stablecoin), [RLUSD](https://iq.wiki/wiki/rlusd), on the Gemini platform.[[16]](#cite-id-rZylOu1Cxm)[[17]](#cite-id-Eo9ae11c6V)\n\n ![](https://ipfs.everipedia.org/ipfs/QmNjGgADfxwRbSSNHQs3AZLYzom7ymJrwdiE4xemccVDem) \n\n### Gemini Earn\n\nGemini launched its Gemini Earn program to allow customers to lend their crypto assets and earn interest. The program involved lending customer assets to a third-party borrower, Genesis Global Capital. In November 2022, following the collapse of FTX, Genesis halted withdrawals, which in turn forced Gemini to pause redemptions from the Earn program, affecting approximately 340,000 customers.\n\n### Gemini Wallet\n\nIn August 2025, Gemini launched the Gemini Wallet, a self-custody crypto wallet. The wallet was designed with a simplified onboarding process using passkey technology instead of traditional [seed phrases](https://iq.wiki/wiki/seed-phrase), aiming to make it more accessible for beginners in the DeFi space. The wallet integrates with a web-based dashboard called \"Onchain\" and initially supported [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) and several [Layer 2](https://iq.wiki/wiki/layer-2) networks.[[18]](#cite-id-lw2qPMIBT0)\n\n## Regulatory Scrutiny and Lawsuits\nThe failure of the Gemini Earn program led to significant legal and regulatory challenges. In January 2023, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) charged both Gemini and Genesis for the unregistered offer and sale of securities through the Earn program. In October 2023, New York Attorney General Letitia James filed a lawsuit against Gemini, Genesis, and its parent company [Digital Currency Group](https://iq.wiki/wiki/digital-currency-group) (DCG), alleging that the companies defrauded more than 230,000 investors of over $1 billion.\n\nUnder a June 14, 2024 settlement with the New York Attorney General, Gemini returned the remaining approximately $50 million in digital assets to Earn users, completing a full in-kind recovery for affected users. The settlement also barred Gemini from operating [cryptocurrency](https://iq.wiki/wiki/cryptocurrency) lending programs in New York.[[25]](#cite-id-zontvks1rw)\n\nOn January 23, 2026, the SEC announced that its civil enforcement action against Gemini Trust Company over Earn had been dismissed with prejudice, citing the 100% in-kind return of Earn investors’ assets and related state and regulatory settlements.[[26]](#cite-id-fgzdejy8aa)\n\n## Security Incidents\n\nIn December 2022, Gemini notified customers of a data breach that occurred at a third-party vendor. The incident resulted in the leak of 5.7 million customer email addresses and partial phone numbers, which were later posted on a dark web forum. Gemini stated that customer accounts and funds were not affected as the breach did not compromise its own systems.\n\n## Gemini Foundation\n\nIn April 2023, Gemini announced the formation of the Gemini [Foundation](https://iq.wiki/wiki/foundation), a non-U.S. entity created to offer crypto derivatives trading to customers in select jurisdictions. The platform launched with a BTC/GUSD perpetual contract and is available to customers in countries across South America, Asia, and Africa, but not in the United States, United Kingdom, or the European Union.","recentActivity":null,"operator":{"id":"0x1e23b34d3106f0c1c74d17f2cd0f65cdb039b138"},"categories":[{"id":"exchanges-and-marketplaces","title":"Exchanges & Marketplaces"}],"tags":[{"id":"DEX"}],"images":[{"id":"QmdNn2KPPgL21uwnJky7hDkeLvrUVPPKAkHvx2fAYCGL3t","type":"image/jpeg, image/png"}],"media":[{"name":"Gemini Ripple XRP Credit 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Alexa Internet. \",\"timestamp\":1658264477546},{\"id\":\"v0gv27q3yml\",\"url\":\"https://www.wired.com/2015/10/winklevoss-bitcoin-exchange-digital-currency-grows\",\"description\":\"Metz, Cade. \\\"With Winklevoss Bitcoin Exchange\",\"timestamp\":1658264540778},{\"id\":\"8pq2b5vi3rp\",\"url\":\"http://fortune.com/2015/10/05/gemini-winklevoss-bitcoin/\",\"description\":\"Daniel Roberts (5 October 2015).\",\"timestamp\":1658264601434},{\"id\":\"po9manz5z6\",\"url\":\"https://blogs.wsj.com/moneybeat/2015/10/05/bitbeat-winklevoss-twins-gemini-exchange-gets-trust-license/\",\"description\":\"Paul Vigna. \\\"Winklevoss Twins' Gemini Exchange \",\"timestamp\":1658264633466},{\"id\":\"nnnriuatej\",\"url\":\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-14/gemini-gives-boost-to-privacy-coin-zcash-as-exchange-expands\",\"description\":\"Kharif, Olga (2018-05-14). \\\"'Privacy Coin' ZCash \",\"timestamp\":1658264673466},{\"id\":\"c4v28ccoj3r\",\"url\":\"https://www.cnbc.com/2016/06/21/winkelvoss-twins-are-expanding-their-gemini-bitcoin-exchange-outside-of-the-us.html\",\"description\":\"Hungerford, Arjun Kharpal, Nancy (2016-06-21).\",\"timestamp\":1658264702886},{\"id\":\"36c6pp2zi34\",\"url\":\"https://www.profitconfidential.com/cryptocurrency/ethereum/top-5-best-exchanges-buy-eth/\",\"description\":\"Mohan Garikiparithi (22 December 2017). \\\"Top 5 \",\"timestamp\":1658264747099},{\"id\":\"hxh29o6zey9\",\"url\":\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/19/technology/bitcoin-winklevoss-twins.html\",\"description\":\"Popper, Nathaniel (19 December 2017).\",\"timestamp\":1658264854174},{\"id\":\"3tp8e0ke9df\",\"url\":\"https://medium.com/gemini/bitcoin-cash-bch-withdrawals-76a9ae5d2c15\",\"description\":\"Bitcoin Cash (BCH) Withdrawals\\\". Article. Gemini Exchange\",\"timestamp\":1658265263593},{\"id\":\"bm4sk9fohs4\",\"url\":\"https://gemini.com/\",\"description\":\"Gemini Website\",\"timestamp\":1658265306823},{\"id\":\"TXUdy6A6BT\",\"url\":\"https://coinfomania.com/gemini-crypto-exchanges-bold-move-expanding-to-6-european-countries-with-24-7-dollar-transfers/\",\"description\":\"Gemini expands institutional services in Europe\",\"timestamp\":1756138180626},{\"id\":\"W55TJ0DGig\",\"url\":\"https://www.fintechfutures.com/blockchain-crypto-digital-assets/crypto-exchange-gemini-files-for-us-ipo\",\"description\":\"Crypto exchange Gemini files for US initial public offering\",\"timestamp\":1756138180626},{\"id\":\"YyK2yi2n38\",\"url\":\"https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/07/01/first-name-in-the-first-fund-for-bitcoins-winklevoss/?\\\\_r=0\",\"description\":\"Nathaniel Popper; Peter Lattman (2017-07-01). \",\"timestamp\":1756138180626},{\"id\":\"rZylOu1Cxm\",\"url\":\"https://cryptodnes.bg/en/gemini-partners-with-ripple-to-launch-xrp-rewards-credit-card-and-expand-rlusd-use/\",\"description\":\"Gemini Partners With Ripple to Launch XRP Rewards Credit Card\",\"timestamp\":1756138180626},{\"id\":\"Eo9ae11c6V\",\"url\":\"https://x.com/Gemini/status/1959972656507204040\",\"description\":\"Gemini announces XRP edition credit card\",\"timestamp\":1756138180626},{\"id\":\"lw2qPMIBT0\",\"url\":\"https://blockworks.co/news/gemini-wallet-review\",\"description\":\"Winklevoss twins’ crypto exchange launches Gemini Wallet\",\"timestamp\":1756138180626},{\"id\":\"thrr4za63k\",\"url\":\"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2055592/000205559226000026/gemi-20251231.htm\",\"description\":\"Gemini 2025 Form 10-K\",\"timestamp\":1792961549803},{\"id\":\"sdfe0pd3f3\",\"url\":\"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2055592/000205559226000063/q226earningspressrelease.htm\",\"description\":\"Gemini Q2 2026 results\",\"timestamp\":1792961549803},{\"id\":\"plvj2gitlh\",\"url\":\"https://www.gemini.com/blog/gemini-2-0-a-bridge-to-the-future-of-money-and-markets\",\"description\":\"Gemini’s February 2026 announcement\",\"timestamp\":1792961549803},{\"id\":\"2kxcpvlihk\",\"url\":\"https://investors.gemini.com/news-releases/news-release-details/gemini-announces-closing-initial-public-offering-and-full\",\"description\":\"Gemini IPO closing announcement\",\"timestamp\":1792961549803},{\"id\":\"oqykjuairj\",\"url\":\"https://investors.gemini.com/news-releases/news-release-details/gemini-reports-first-quarter-2026-results-and-announces-100\",\"description\":\"Gemini Q1 2026 results and investment announcement\",\"timestamp\":1792961549803},{\"id\":\"zontvks1rw\",\"url\":\"https://ag.ny.gov/press-release/2024/attorney-general-james-recovers-50-million-crypto-firm-gemini-defrauded\",\"description\":\"New York Attorney General settlement announcement\",\"timestamp\":1792961549803},{\"id\":\"fgzdejy8aa\",\"url\":\"https://www.sec.gov/enforcement-litigation/litigation-releases/lr-26465\",\"description\":\"SEC litigation release\",\"timestamp\":1792961549803}]"},{"id":"main-image-origin","value":"{\"imageId\":\"QmdNn2KPPgL21uwnJky7hDkeLvrUVPPKAkHvx2fAYCGL3t\",\"originalId\":\"QmSrNXWCA8B5R8Cc8SjivabUBrdu6vb9WZvX48d5kkU2nx\"}"},{"id":"previous_cid","value":"QmXZAGNo7g6LGG1FiJhp78ERUMhA3CG3FUyeRVWrAwprN6"},{"id":"commit-message","value":"Update Gemini wiki summary, add 509 words, and revise timeline"},{"id":"previous_cid","value":"QmXZAGNo7g6LGG1FiJhp78ERUMhA3CG3FUyeRVWrAwprN6"}],"user":{"id":"0x8af7a19a26d8fbc48defb35aefb15ec8c407f889"},"author":{"id":"0x1e23b34d3106f0c1c74d17f2cd0f65cdb039b138"},"views":1930}