{"id":"blobs","version":1,"language":"en","title":"Blobs","hidden":false,"content":"**Blobs** are a novel concept introduced by proto-danksharding([EIP-4844](https://iq.wiki/wiki/eip-4844)), which is the first upgrade in Ethereum’s [sharding](https://iq.wiki/wiki/sharding) roadmap. These blobs serve as inexpensive and temporary memory that carry data related to transactions. Specifically, they are associated with blob-carrying transactions.[\\[1\\]](#cite-id-spczld96pe)  \n$$widget0 [YOUTUBE@VID](csGIf1EHU7o)$$  \n  \n# Overview  \n  \nScalability has long been a challenge for the Ethereum network. [Sharding](https://iq.wiki/wiki/sharding), which involves splitting the network into smaller units (acting as smaller [blockchains](https://iq.wiki/wiki/blockchain)), aims to address this issue. However, sharding requires complex upgrades and carries risks if implemented all at once.  \n  \nInstead of breaking the main [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) chains into their own mini-blockchains, [rollups](https://iq.wiki/wiki/rollup) instead act as mini-blockchains that operate “on top” of the Ethereum Layer 1 (hence their term [Layer 2](https://iq.wiki/wiki/layer-2)).  \n  \nEntering proto-danksharding ([EIP-4844)](https://iq.wiki/wiki/eip-4844) introduces the concept of blobs without fully [sharding](https://iq.wiki/wiki/sharding) the network and will provide a stop-gap solution until full data sharding in implemented impacting scalability:[\\[6\\]](#cite-id-1eu8p011jct)  \n  \n* Reduced Data Storage Work: Most fees on [Layer 2 ](https://iq.wiki/wiki/layer-2)networks (such as [Optimism](https://iq.wiki/wiki/optimism)) go toward storing data on [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum). With blobs, the effort required to maintain this data on the Ethereum network is significantly reduced.[\\[1\\]](#cite-id-spczld96pe)[\\[3\\]](#cite-id-x2gbk9c3ivo)  \n* Faster Processing and Lower Costs: By using blobs, Ethereum achieves faster transaction processing and cheaper costs.[\\[1\\]](#cite-id-spczld96pe)  \n* Separate Fee Marketplaces: EIP-4844 creates two distinct fee marketplaces—one for Layer 1 execution and another for blobs. Fee for blobs doesn’t fit into the current Ethereum fee market.[\\[4\\]](#cite-id-cpbt1g3yqqd)  \n* Congestion Independence: During network congestion, fees for blobs remain unaffected, ensuring low fees even during peak times.[\\[5\\]](#cite-id-exbb2xgpo)  \n  \n$$widget0 [YOUTUBE@VID](hXDT-A7tZBA)$$  \nBlobs are designed to make the verification of transactions more efficient. Instead of verifying each transaction in the block, the network will only have to confirm that the blob attached to the block carries the correct data. The transactions in these blob-carrying blocks will typically be related to [Layer 2 ](https://iq.wiki/wiki/layer-2)networks, like [Optimism](https://iq.wiki/wiki/optimism), which stores data on [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) to share in its security guarantees.[\\[1\\]](#cite-id-spczld96pe)  \n  \nBlobs are persisted in beacon nodes, not in execution layer (e.g. in prysm, not in geth). Future [sharding](https://iq.wiki/wiki/sharding) work only requires changes to the beacon node, enabling the execution layer to work on other initiatives in parallel.  \n  \nThe blob is incredibly attractive because it solves several multi-dimensional problems in a single network upgrade, creating not just a stopgap for Ethereum’s scaling but introducing a configuration with significant potential for underpinning the entire thesis of scaling.  \n  \n## Concept of Blobs in EIP-4844 (Proto-Danksharding)  \n  \nIn Ethereum's [EIP-4844](https://iq.wiki/wiki/eip-4844), a key element of the [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) [Dencun Upgrade](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dencun-upgrade), the concept of 'blobs' is introduced to enhance network functionality.[\\[2\\]](#cite-id-mhc88xjxm9)  \n  \n* Blobs : Blobs are large data packets, integrated into [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum)'s [blockchain](https://iq.wiki/wiki/blockchain) to optimize data handling and storage.  \n* Blob Size: Each blob is about 125 kB. This size allows for more substantial data handling than standard Ethereum transactions.  \n* Storage Method: Using KZG crypto[\\[3\\]](#cite-id-x2gbk9c3ivo)graphic commitments, blobs are store[\\[1\\]](#cite-id-spczld96pe)d efficiently, offering a cost-effective solution for data storage on the Ethereum network.  \n* Role in Ethereum: Blobs are primarily beneficial for [Layer 2](https://iq.wiki/wiki/layer-2) [rollup](https://iq.wiki/wiki/rollup) solutions, aiming to reduce transaction costs and lighten network load, thus boosting Ethereum's scalability.‍ [Rollups](https://iq.wiki/wiki/rollup) will be able to use blobs to store their transaction data. This will free up space on the Ethereum main chain and allow rollups to process more transactions at a lower cost. EIP-4844 introduces a new fee market for blobs.  \n* EVM Accessibility: The data in blobs differs from standard Ethereum transactions, as it's not directly accessible by the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), highlighting their specialized role in data storage within the Ethereum ecosystem.","summary":"Blobs in Ethereum's sharding roadmap are inexpensive, temporary memory units that carry data related to blob-carrying transactions, improving network scalability.","categories":[{"id":"dapps","title":"Dapps"}],"promoted":0,"tags":[{"id":"Ethereum"},{"id":"Glossary"},{"id":"Blockchains"}],"metadata":[{"id":"references","value":"[{\"id\":\"spczld96pe\",\"url\":\"https://dailycoin.com/what-are-ethereum-blobs-how-do-they-boost-scalability\",\"description\":\"Daily Coin - https://dailycoin.com/what-are-ethereum-blobs-how-do-they-boost-scalability/\",\"timestamp\":1711957509031},{\"id\":\"mhc88xjxm9\",\"url\":\"https://www.datawallet.com/crypto/eip-4844-explained\",\"description\":\"Datawallet - EIP-4844 Explained\",\"timestamp\":1711957606848},{\"id\":\"x2gbk9c3ivo\",\"url\":\"https://passieintelligence.medium.com/blobspace-revolutionizing-ethereum-storage-and-applications-a36c6a3e269f\",\"description\":\"Medium - Blobspace : Revolutionizing Ethereum Storage and Applications\",\"timestamp\":1711957689315},{\"id\":\"cpbt1g3yqqd\",\"url\":\"https://www.blocknative.com/blog/eip-4844-blobs-and-blob-gas-what-you-need-to-know\",\"description\":\"Blocknative - EIP-4844, Blobs, and Blob Gas: What you need to know\",\"timestamp\":1711957796516},{\"id\":\"exbb2xgpo\",\"url\":\"https://medium.com/@encodinglabs/eip-eip-4844-shard-blob-transactions-2f0325130d3a\",\"description\":\"Medium - [EIP] EIP-4844: Shard Blob Transactions\",\"timestamp\":1711957859140},{\"id\":\"1eu8p011jct\",\"url\":\"https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4844\",\"description\":\"Ethereum Improvement Proposal - EIP-4844: Shard Blob Transactions\",\"timestamp\":1711957958193}]"},{"id":"reddit_profile","value":"https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/16umgql/what_are_ethereum_blobs_and_how_do_they_boost/"},{"id":"github_profile","value":"https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-4844.md"},{"id":"previous_cid","value":"QmNU9VJgz1axWQg2e54Twi8FesKXApMNCTxen6q7o4QQ1R"}],"user":{"id":"0xF8bD29570D276c593125205A714D2623B311D2ce"},"author":{"id":"0xF8bD29570D276c593125205A714D2623B311D2ce","profile":null},"media":[{"name":"Blobs.webp","id":"QmXs2mZw1NSUKbmVKFLvR8ZzGEL6Z8RUdomkyJPyptHAEj","size":"0.34","type":"GALLERY","source":"IPFS_IMG"},{"name":"Blockchain Trillemma.webp","id":"QmeA694S1LFnmvsoZDPCVNhrPCaaChscWCP15g5gMNUT1d","size":"0.03","type":"GALLERY","source":"IPFS_IMG"},{"name":"Blob.webp","id":"QmfFSZtQHXryzaSaqv2TxihPhrnqKjErcQrrwEwS9tyoQj","size":"0.11","type":"GALLERY","source":"IPFS_IMG"},{"name":"Blob transaction.jpg","id":"Qmf3hWNpsGtBcQ9eJ5PvMsWt73vTPmmSGqpCDZ8SbHRf7P","size":"0.13","type":"GALLERY","source":"IPFS_IMG"},{"name":"Video_5-min.png","id":"QmUvawBf4RUchJbTCBCi1McAh4WhnB4hoNmAKLLC9T9rVF","size":"2.49","type":"GALLERY","source":"IPFS_IMG"},{"name":"csGIf1EHU7o","id":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csGIf1EHU7o","size":"0","type":null,"source":"YOUTUBE"},{"name":"hXDT-A7tZBA","id":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hXDT-A7tZBA","size":"0","type":null,"source":"YOUTUBE"}],"views":1,"events":[],"ipfs":"QmNU9VJgz1axWQg2e54Twi8FesKXApMNCTxen6q7o4QQ1R","transactionHash":"0xe7f14b98d2b9b6c15beaad537bfaf5e99bf4ded255612d0dbd39a8ece1f69bd7","created":"2024-04-01T07:59:15.720Z","updated":"2024-04-01T07:59:15.720Z","images":[{"id":"QmRJDRtJzWyz7PFxAQiFqBmJd9s5B53oYbGXGdEs1stoQh","type":"image/jpeg, image/png"}],"linkedWikis":null}