{"id":"dune","title":"Dune","content":"**Dune**, formerly Dune Analytics, is a web-based platform that allows users to query, analyze, and visualize public [blockchain](https://iq.wiki/wiki/blockchain) data using the SQL programming language. The platform makes on-chain data from numerous blockchains accessible to a broad audience, including data analysts, developers, researchers, and investors, fostering a collaborative environment where users can create, share, and modify queries and data dashboards. [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS) [\\[2\\]](#cite-id-xwTPIJM6HN7BlNoE)​\n\n[YOUTUBE@VID](https://youtube.com/watch?v=__qUM3M-Fy8)\n\n## Overview\n\nDune was founded in 2018 in Oslo, Norway, by [Fredrik Haga](https://iq.wiki/wiki/fredrik-haga) and Mats Olsen with the mission of \"making crypto data accessible.\" [\\[3\\]](#cite-id-p0o8vwRvO7bjziKH) [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8) The platform addresses the technical challenge of extracting and interpreting data from various [blockchains](https://iq.wiki/wiki/blockchain) by ingesting, decoding, and indexing vast amounts of raw on-chain information. This processed data is stored in a large-scale data warehouse, which users can interrogate through a SQL query editor to generate custom datasets and visualizations. [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS) [\\[5\\]](#cite-id-unHFjZHD2V0EbIy8)​\n\nA core component of Dune's strategy is its community-driven and open-source ethos. The platform enables users to publicly share their analyses and \"fork\" (copy and modify) queries created by others, which facilitates rapid, collaborative data exploration. This network effect, where community-generated dashboards form the bulk of the platform's content, is a key differentiator. The platform refers to its most skilled and active community contributors as \"Dune Wizards,\" whose work is often highlighted and who can leverage their platform activity to build a professional portfolio. In November 2025, the company underwent a significant rebranding, adopting a new logo and design under the tagline \"The Onchain Data Foundation.\" [\\[6\\]](#cite-id-nYYtcoe6mlngUXj6) [\\[7\\]](#cite-id-U6XpEvsBE4M4a0nZ) [\\[8\\]](#cite-id-G476NmIF84hsd1dZ)​\n\n## History and Funding\n\nDune Analytics was founded in 2018. [\\[6\\]](#cite-id-nYYtcoe6mlngUXj6) The company gained significant traction and secured several major funding rounds. In September 2020, it raised a $2 million seed round led by Dragonfly Capital. This was followed in August 2021 by an $8 million Series A round led by [Union Square Ventures](https://iq.wiki/wiki/union-square-ventures). [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8)\n\nIn early 2022, Dune announced a Series B funding round of $69,420,000 led by Coatue Management. This round valued the company at $1 billion, establishing it as a \"unicorn\" in the data analytics space. Other participating investors included [Union Square Ventures](https://iq.wiki/wiki/union-square-ventures) and Multicoin Capital. [\\[3\\]](#cite-id-p0o8vwRvO7bjziKH) [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8)\n\nTo address scalability and performance challenges as its user base grew, Dune launched Dune Engine V2 in late 2022. This custom-built, multi-chain parallel execution query engine was designed to significantly improve the speed of data queries on the platform. The company has continued to add support for new blockchains and protocols, announcing the integration of [LayerZero](https://iq.wiki/wiki/layerzero) in July 2025, [MegaETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/megaeth) in December 2025, and [THORChain](https://iq.wiki/wiki/thorchain) in January 2026. [\\[8\\]](#cite-id-G476NmIF84hsd1dZ) [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8)\n\nIn January 2026, CEO [Fredrik Haga](https://iq.wiki/wiki/fredrik-haga) announced a strategic shift to increase focus on serving businesses and institutional clients, alongside a continued commitment to its free community tier. This move was driven by growing enterprise adoption in the crypto space and was accompanied by a hiring push for the company's go-to-market and engineering teams. [\\[3\\]](#cite-id-p0o8vwRvO7bjziKH)\n\n## Key Figures\n\n* **Fredrik Haga:** Co-founder and CEO. He previously worked as a Data Scientist at Schibsted Media Group. [\\[3\\]](#cite-id-p0o8vwRvO7bjziKH) [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8)\n* **Mats Olsen:** Co-founder and CTO. He previously worked as a Software Engineer at Schibsted Media Group alongside Haga. [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8)\n* **Mats Andersen:** A publicly visible member of the Dune team who has communicated about platform status and promoted developer products. [\\[8\\]](#cite-id-G476NmIF84hsd1dZ)\n\n## Technology and Features\n\nDune's platform is built on a comprehensive data pipeline and a powerful query engine, offering a suite of features for on-chain analysis. [\\[5\\]](#cite-id-unHFjZHD2V0EbIy8)​\n\n### Data Pipeline\n\nThe platform's architecture consists of several key stages:\n\n1. **Data Ingestion:** Dune runs full nodes for each supported [blockchain](https://iq.wiki/wiki/blockchain) to ingest raw data, including blocks, transactions, receipts, and event logs. [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8)\n2. **Data Decoding:** Raw, low-level blockchain data is parsed and decoded into human-readable, structured tables. This process uses smart contract ABIs to interpret event logs and function calls, creating tables like `erc20_evt_Transfer` or `uniswap_v3_evt_Swap`. [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8)\n3. **Data Abstraction (Spellbook):** Spellbook is a key collaborative feature and open-source project hosted on GitHub. It is a dbt-based repository where the community collectively creates and maintains higher-level, curated data tables called \"spells.\" These spells aggregate and simplify complex on-chain logic, creating cleaner datasets for concepts like DEX trading volumes or NFT marketplace sales across multiple protocols. This allows analysts to query simplified tables rather than writing complex SQL to join raw event logs. [\\[9\\]](#cite-id-JkHaHAXHtA1fXpgX) [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8)\n\n### Query Engine and Architecture\n\nDune provides a custom SQL dialect called DuneSQL for data analysis. The backend is powered by Dune Engine V2, a distributed query engine designed for fast parallel execution across massive datasets from multiple [blockchains](https://iq.wiki/wiki/blockchain). [\\[3\\]](#cite-id-p0o8vwRvO7bjziKH) [\\[4\\]](#cite-id-2TlmhqQzmNFgm6O8) Public repositories on GitHub indicate that the infrastructure utilizes technologies such as Trino, a distributed SQL query engine, and dbt (data build tool) for managing data transformations. The company primarily uses Python, TypeScript, and Rust for its development and provides official API clients in these languages. [\\[9\\]](#cite-id-JkHaHAXHtA1fXpgX)​\n\n### Core Features\n\n* **SQL Interface:** The primary method for analysis on the platform, allowing users to write complex queries against Dune’s prepared datasets. [\\[5\\]](#cite-id-unHFjZHD2V0EbIy8)\n* **Dashboards and Visualizations:** Users can transform query results into various charts, graphs, and tables, which can be compiled into comprehensive dashboards. [\\[2\\]](#cite-id-xwTPIJM6HN7BlNoE)\n* **Query Forking:** A core collaborative feature that allows any user to copy an existing public query and modify it for their own analysis. This fosters an open, \"remix\" culture for data exploration. [\\[5\\]](#cite-id-unHFjZHD2V0EbIy8)\n* **Multi-Chain Support:** As of early 2026, Dune supports over 100 blockchains, including EVM-compatible chains like [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) and [Polygon](https://iq.wiki/wiki/polygon), as well as non-EVM chains like [Solana](https://iq.wiki/wiki/solana) and [Bitcoin](https://iq.wiki/wiki/bitcoin). [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS) [\\[10\\]](#cite-id-j4ePjEAZ6EdoMZus)\n\n## Product Suite\n\nDune has expanded from a community dashboard tool to a comprehensive data platform with offerings for individuals, developers, and enterprises. [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS)\n\n* **Analytics Hub:** The core, community-focused web application where users can write SQL queries, create visualizations, and assemble them into shareable dashboards.\n* **APIs & Connectors:** A suite of tools for programmatic access to on-chain data.\n  * **Analytics APIs:** Allows developers and businesses to integrate the results of Dune queries directly into their own applications, models, and workflows.\n  * **Sim API:** Launched in mid-2025, this is a specialized, low-latency API designed for building real-time, multi-chain applications like crypto wallets. It provides high-performance access to data such as asset prices and abstracted on-chain information. [Farcaster](https://iq.wiki/wiki/farcaster) uses the Sim API to power its in-app wallet.\n* **Datashare:** An enterprise-grade solution that allows companies to receive Dune's curated on-chain data delivered directly into their own data warehouses, such as Snowflake, Google BigQuery, and Databricks.\n* **dbt Connector:** An integration that allows data teams to run dbt models directly on DuneSQL, enabling them to use Dune as a crypto-native data warehouse for their transformation pipelines.\n\nThe products in the suite are designed for a variety of users, from community analysts to large enterprises. [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS) [\\[8\\]](#cite-id-G476NmIF84hsd1dZ) [\\[3\\]](#cite-id-p0o8vwRvO7bjziKH)\n\n## Business Model\n\nDune operates on a product-led, freemium business model designed to serve both a large community of individual users and a growing base of professional and enterprise clients. [\\[6\\]](#cite-id-nYYtcoe6mlngUXj6)\n\n* **Free Tier:** This plan allows anyone to create and share public queries and dashboards. Query execution may be queued, and all work is public by default. This tier is sufficient for most individual researchers and analysts and serves as the primary engine for content generation on the platform.\n* **Paid Tiers (Plus and Premium):** These plans are designed for teams and professional users who require advanced features. Benefits of the paid tiers include the ability to create private queries and dashboards, faster query performance with dedicated compute resources, access to the Dune API, the ability to export data to CSV files, and the removal of watermarks from visualizations.\n\nThe extensive library of free, public dashboards created by the community effectively serves as a live product demonstration, attracting paying customers who require private, internal, or more performant analysis capabilities. [\\[7\\]](#cite-id-U6XpEvsBE4M4a0nZ) [\\[6\\]](#cite-id-nYYtcoe6mlngUXj6)\n\n## Market Adoption and Community\n\nAs of early 2026, Dune reported having over one million users and provided access to over 1.5 million community-created datasets. [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS) The platform is used by a diverse range of participants in the crypto ecosystem. Projects like 1inch, OP Labs, and [Polygon](https://iq.wiki/wiki/polygon) Labs use Dune to enhance data transparency for their ecosystems. Research and media firms, such as Blockworks, utilize Dune as a core tool to power their institutional-grade crypto research and reporting. [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS) [\\[11\\]](#cite-id-Xmw1SmPjconaFvUP)​\n\nDune fosters community engagement through several initiatives. It hosts **DuneCon**, its flagship annual conference for the data analyst community, with the 2025 event held in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The company also regularly publishes data-driven research reports on key industry sectors, such as \"The State of Stablecoins 2025\" and \"The 2025 Multichain Report,\" positioning itself as a thought leader in the space. [\\[8\\]](#cite-id-G476NmIF84hsd1dZ) [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS)​\n\n## Notable Quotes\n\n> \"If it's not on Dune it's not real.\"\n> — Kyle Samani, Co-founder, Multicoin Capital [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS)\n\n> \"Without using Dune your project is blind.\"\n> — Anton Bukov, Co-founder, 1inch Network [\\[1\\]](#cite-id-YbmteQWdV4lK1yNS)\n\n> \"We will keep having a generous free plan to serve the broader Dune community, but our team will focus on empowering organizations doing business onchain.\"\n> — Fredrik Haga, Co-founder & CEO, on the company's strategy for 2026 [\\[3\\]](#cite-id-p0o8vwRvO7bjziKH)","summary":"Dune is a web-based platform for querying and visualizing public blockchain data using SQL. 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