{"id":"stakewise","title":"StakeWise","content":"**StakeWise** is a decentralized platform that enables users to participate in [liquid staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquid-staking) for [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) and [Gnosis Chain](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis). It leverages a community-driven approach through a [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao), allowing stakers to govern key protocol parameters for a seamless and efficient [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) experience. [[1]](#cite-id-quEjQRQCR6)\n\n# Overview\n\nStakeWise is a decentralized protocol that enables users to stake [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) and [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) while maintaining [liquidity](https://iq.wiki/wiki/pol-protocol-owned-liquidity) through [liquid staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquid-staking) tokens, osETH, and osGNO. It features a [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) marketplace where users can select [node](https://iq.wiki/wiki/node) operators, reduce slashing risks, and stake independently. The protocol also allows individuals and organizations to create custom [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) pools and issue liquid tokens to their users, supported by an ecosystem maintained by the StakeWise [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao). [[8]](#cite-id-Td4zsescYL)\n\n# Features\n\n## Vaults\n\nVaults in StakeWise V3 are independent [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) pools designed to securely manage [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) and [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) deposits, [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking), reward distribution, and withdrawals through non-custodial [smart contracts](https://iq.wiki/wiki/smart-contract). Each Vault operates in isolation, meaning deposits are only used to run [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) for that specific Vault, and any resulting rewards or penalties are limited to it. Vaults can be customized with individual fees, operator choices, and MEV strategies. [[3]](#cite-id-2I2338uTat)\n\n### ETH Vaults\n\nWhen users stake [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) into a Vault, the contract aggregates deposits and activates a new [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) for every 32 [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) collected. This process depends on the Beacon Chain’s deposit queue, which can lead to delays in [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) activation, especially during periods of high network activity. Until activation, [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) does not earn rewards, which may lower the Vault's [APY](https://iq.wiki/wiki/annual-percentage-yield-apy). Once [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) are active, their rewards are pooled and automatically reinvested alongside new deposits to compound returns. [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) amounts under 32 that accumulate in the Vault are considered unbonded and do not earn rewards. A high share of unbonded [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) relative to the total staked amount can dilute [APY](https://iq.wiki/wiki/annual-percentage-yield-apy), as rewards are distributed across both staked and unstaked balances. Unbonded [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) may also be used to fulfill osETH redemptions or [liquidations](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquidation).\n\nFor unstaking, unbonded [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) is prioritized to fulfill withdrawal requests. If the available unbonded [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) is insufficient, the Vault will initiate [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) exits to release additional [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum). Because exiting [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) takes time, users enter an exit queue and continue earning rewards until their [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) is withdrawn from [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking). Once exited, users can claim their [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) at their convenience. [[3]](#cite-id-2I2338uTat)\n\n### GNO Vaults\n\nIn [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) Vaults, the [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) mechanism mirrors [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) but with different [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) requirements. A new [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) is created for every 1 [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) staked. Like [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum), the activation of [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) is delayed by the [Gnosis](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) Beacon Chain’s deposit queue, potentially affecting [APY](https://iq.wiki/wiki/annual-percentage-yield-apy). [Validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) rewards are auto-compounded by combining them with new deposits to grow the Vault’s position over time. Deposits under 1 [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) are treated as unbonded and yield no rewards. When unbonded [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) forms a significant portion of the Vault, it can dilute [APY](https://iq.wiki/wiki/annual-percentage-yield-apy), and StakeWise may use this [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) to process osGNO redemptions or [liquidations](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquidation).\n\nFor [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) unstaking, the Vault first uses unbonded [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) to meet requests. If insufficient, it allows [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) to free up the required [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis), placing users into an exit queue. Unlike [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum), users in the [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) exit queue stop earning rewards immediately upon being queued. Users can withdraw their funds at any time. [[3]](#cite-id-2I2338uTat)\n\n### Minting osGNO\n\nosGNO is a [liquid staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquid-staking) token that represents [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) staked within StakeWise Vaults. It accumulates [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) rewards generated by the [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) associated with each Vault, allowing users to maintain [liquidity](https://iq.wiki/wiki/pol-protocol-owned-liquidity) while their assets remain staked.\n\nThe ability to [mint](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) osGNO depends on the Vault’s loan-to-value (LTV) ratio. Most Vaults support [minting](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) up to 90% of the value of the staked GNO. However, certain Vaults approved by the StakeWise [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao) are eligible for a higher [minting](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) threshold of up to 99.95%, provided they meet stricter performance and risk management standards. [[3]](#cite-id-2I2338uTat)\n\n### Minting osETH\n\nosETH is a [liquid staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquid-staking) token that represents [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) deposited in StakeWise Vaults. It accumulates [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) rewards earned by the [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) associated with the Vault, allowing users to access [liquidity](https://iq.wiki/wiki/pol-protocol-owned-liquidity) without unstaking.\n\nThe ability to [mint](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) osETH depends on the Vault's loan-to-value (LTV) ratio. Most Vaults permit [minting](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) up to 90% of the value of their staked [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum). Certain Vaults approved by the StakeWise [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao) can [mint](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) osETH up to a 99.99% threshold if they meet stricter performance and security requirements. [[3]](#cite-id-2I2338uTat)\n\n### Solo Vaults\n\nSolo Vaults are customizable [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) pools in which a single individual acts as both the [node](https://iq.wiki/wiki/node) operator and the depositor of [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) or [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis). These Vaults can be either public or private and offer flexibility in setup.\n\nSolo stakers can tailor their Vaults to fit specific preferences, including setting personalized fee levels, selecting how MEV is handled (via the Smoothing Pool or their own escrow), and opting out of token [minting](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) to avoid possible tax implications related to tokenized deposits or withdrawals. [[3]](#cite-id-2I2338uTat)\n\n### Governance\n\nEach Vault operates as an independent [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) pool, with its underlying [smart contracts](https://iq.wiki/wiki/smart-contract) remaining immutable unless voluntarily upgraded. The StakeWise [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao) may release updated versions of Vault contracts to improve security or efficiency. Still, individual Vaults are not required to adopt these changes, allowing them to maintain control over their specific [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) configuration.\n\nVault governance is structured around several defined roles that manage different aspects of the [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) process: Vault Admin, Access Manager, and Keys Manager.  [[3]](#cite-id-2I2338uTat)\n- The **Vault Admin** is responsible for deploying the Vault and setting foundational parameters, such as its type and associated fee. This role also manages Vault branding. A Vault Admin can be a wallet, a [multisig](https://iq.wiki/wiki/multi-signature-wallet), or a [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao), but the role cannot be reassigned after deployment. While the Vault Admin cannot modify the Vault’s core settings post-deployment, they can designate other roles and change the fee recipient address.\n- The **Access Manager** controls the whitelist for Private Vaults by adding or removing allowed wallets. Initially, the Vault Admin holds this role but can assign it to another wallet and reclaim it later if needed.\n- The **Keys Manager** is responsible for submitting the deposit data required to initiate new [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator). Like the Access Manager role, this function is initially held by the Vault Admin but can be transferred and later reclaimed. StakeWise verifies all submitted deposit data to ensure it is valid, unique, and includes the correct withdrawal address.\n\n## Oracles\n\nStakeWise V3 relies on a decentralized [Oracle](https://iq.wiki/wiki/oracle) Network to manage [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) registration, exits, and reward data collection from the [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) and [Gnosis](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) Beacon Chains. This system uses 12 [Oracles](https://iq.wiki/wiki/oracle) operating under a 7-of-11 consensus model, ensuring that key actions, such as updating [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) rewards or processing [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) operations, require agreement from a majority. This helps prevent manipulation, centralized control, or regulatory interference.\n\nEach [Oracle](https://iq.wiki/wiki/oracle) is responsible for automatically retrieving reward data for all Vaults, submitting it on-chain, and managing [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) activity based on deposit and withdrawal events. These tasks are executed through StakeWise-developed software and require no manual intervention. The [Oracle](https://iq.wiki/wiki/oracle) Network is central in securing accurate rewards distribution and efficient [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) operations across the protocol. [[4]](#cite-id-1AoXKPEv3o)\n\n# osToken\n\nIn StakeWise V3, [liquid staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquid-staking) is facilitated through osTokens, which are staked tokens that generate [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) rewards while held. These tokens, such as osETH and osGNO, represent staked assets in the system and allow staked tokens' liquidity, allowing users to earn rewards while maintaining flexibility in their holdings. [[2]](#cite-id-ZPTfLJSfLE)\n\n## osETH\n\nosETH is an [ERC-20](https://iq.wiki/wiki/erc-20) [liquid staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquid-staking) token representing [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) staked in Vaults, earning [validator](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) rewards and redeemable for [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) at an exchange rate determined by StakeWise [Oracles](https://iq.wiki/wiki/oracle). It can be [minted](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) against any [Ethereum](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) [node](https://iq.wiki/wiki/node), enabling permissionless, non-custodial [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking), including solo [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) and [DeFi](https://iq.wiki/wiki/defi) use. As rewards accrue, osETH’s value increases through a repricing mechanism reflected in its fair exchange rate and net [APY](https://iq.wiki/wiki/annual-percentage-yield-apy). In 90% LTV Vaults, excess staked [ETH](https://iq.wiki/wiki/ethereum) protects holders against slashing and performance risks. In comparison, 99.99% LTV Vaults require operators to post a 5M SWISE bond to insulate other holders from Vault-specific issues and keep [APY](https://iq.wiki/wiki/annual-percentage-yield-apy) aligned with the lowest-yielding Vault. [[2]](#cite-id-ZPTfLJSfLE)\n\n## osGNO\n\nosGNO is an [ERC-20](https://iq.wiki/wiki/erc-20) [liquid staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquid-staking) token representing [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) staked in Vaults, earning [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) rewards from [validators](https://iq.wiki/wiki/validator) and redeemable for [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) at an exchange rate determined by StakeWise [Oracles](https://iq.wiki/wiki/oracle). It can be [minted](https://iq.wiki/wiki/minting) against any [Gnosis Chain](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) [node](https://iq.wiki/wiki/node), enabling permissionless, non-custodial [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking), including solo [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking), and use in [DeFi](https://iq.wiki/wiki/defi). The token's value increases through a repricing mechanism reflected in its fair exchange rate and net [APY](https://iq.wiki/wiki/annual-percentage-yield-apy) as rewards accrue. In 90% LTV Vaults, excess staked [GNO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis) protects against slashing and underperformance. In comparison, 99.95% LTV Vault operators must post a 1M SWISE bond to protect other holders, ensuring the token’s APY aligns with the lowest-yielding Vaults. [[2]](#cite-id-ZPTfLJSfLE)\n\n# StakeWise DAO\n\nStakeWise [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao) operates with a community-first approach, prioritizing feedback and adoption to ensure that [staking](https://iq.wiki/wiki/staking) is as seamless and profitable as possible. By placing protocol governance in the hands of stakers, the [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao) aims to build a cohesive community where users' interests drive decision-making and protocol development.\n\nThe [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao) governs key system parameters, including fees paid by stakers, commissions for [node](https://iq.wiki/wiki/node) operators, the onboarding and offboarding of [oracles](https://iq.wiki/wiki/oracle) and [node](https://iq.wiki/wiki/node) operators, principles for [liquidity mining](https://iq.wiki/wiki/liquidity-mining) campaigns, whitelisting gauge contracts, Insurance Fund payout triggers, and approval of contract changes for new features. The community's involvement in selecting these parameters is crucial, as it requires balancing both immediate interests and the protocol’s long-term success. [[6]](#cite-id-WSMXdp5DQn)\n\n## SWISE\n\n![](https://ipfs.everipedia.org/ipfs/QmXYbqjVM8LWPDhNwxR9bw6F7JKa267P7DJkdZXm6PV7xn)\n\n$SWISE is the [governance token](https://iq.wiki/wiki/governance-tokens) of the StakeWise [DAO](https://iq.wiki/wiki/dao). It has a total supply of 1B tokens with the following allocation: [[6]](#cite-id-WSMXdp5DQn)\n- **Community**: 510M\n- **Investors**: 251.5M\n- **Team**: 217M\n- **Future Fundraise**: 21.5M\n\n# Partnerships\n\nBlockscape\n\nDSRV\n\nEverstake\n\n[Frens](https://iq.wiki/wiki/make-frens)\n\nFinoa\n\nGateway.fm\n\n[Gnosis](https://iq.wiki/wiki/gnosis)\n\nHashQuark\n\nInfstones\n\nMeria\n\nKysenPool\n\nLaunchnodes\n\nLuganodes\n\nNodeSet\n\nMatrixedLink\n\nPierTwo\n\n[Redstone](https://iq.wiki/wiki/redstone-oracles)\n\nStake Fish\n\nStakely\n\nSensei Node\n\nSerenita\n\nVerilog\n\nChorus One\n\nBeacon Chain\n\nBlockShard\n\nDataNexus\n\nBrick Towers\n\nCryptoManufaktur","summary":"StakeWise is a decentralized platform offering liquid staking solutions for Ethereum and Gnosis Chain, enabling users to earn rewards while maintaining liquidity through osTokens.","images":[{"id":"QmaoviYHL1FNLV4KXsbEkP21sWGu3ZLaSEL1pG5viB8Kr5","type":"image/jpeg, image/png"}],"categories":[{"id":"defi","title":"defi"}],"tags":[{"id":"Ethereum"},{"id":"Protocols"},{"id":"DEXes"},{"id":"Blockchains"},{"id":"Organizations"}],"media":[{"id":"QmXYbqjVM8LWPDhNwxR9bw6F7JKa267P7DJkdZXm6PV7xn","name":"swise.png","caption":"","thumbnail":"QmXYbqjVM8LWPDhNwxR9bw6F7JKa267P7DJkdZXm6PV7xn","source":"IPFS_IMG"}],"metadata":[{"id":"references","value":"[{\"id\":\"quEjQRQCR6\",\"url\":\"https://www.stakewise.io/\",\"description\":\"Official website\",\"timestamp\":1744831026099},{\"id\":\"ZPTfLJSfLE\",\"url\":\"https://docs.stakewise.io/protocol-overview-in-depth/ostoken\",\"description\":\"osToken documentation\",\"timestamp\":1744831026099},{\"id\":\"2I2338uTat\",\"url\":\"https://docs.stakewise.io/protocol-overview-in-depth/vaults\",\"description\":\"Vaults documentation\",\"timestamp\":1744831026099},{\"id\":\"1AoXKPEv3o\",\"url\":\"https://docs.stakewise.io/protocol-overview-in-depth/oracles\",\"description\":\"Oracles documentation\",\"timestamp\":1744831026099},{\"id\":\"C9ApRauPYC\",\"url\":\"https://docs.stakewise.io/protocol-overview-in-depth/ostoken#liquidation-mechanism\",\"description\":\"Liquidation mechanism documentation\",\"timestamp\":1744831026099},{\"id\":\"WSMXdp5DQn\",\"url\":\"https://docs.stakewise.io/governance/stakewise-dao\",\"description\":\"StakeWise DAO documentation\",\"timestamp\":1744831026099},{\"id\":\"zS2phyDrqt\",\"url\":\"https://docs.stakewise.io/protocol-overview-in-depth/fees\",\"description\":\"Fees documentation\",\"timestamp\":1744831026099},{\"id\":\"Td4zsescYL\",\"description\":\"StakeWise Docs\",\"timestamp\":1744832473162,\"url\":\"https://docs.stakewise.io/\"}]"},{"id":"discord_profile","value":"https://discord.gg/2BSdr2g"},{"id":"telegram_profile","value":"https://t.me/stakewise_io"},{"id":"twitter_profile","value":"https://x.com/stakewise_io"},{"id":"website","value":"https://www.stakewise.io/"},{"id":"coinmarketcap_url","value":"https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/stakewise/"},{"id":"coingecko_profile","value":"https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/stakewise"},{"id":"etherscan","value":"https://etherscan.io/token/0x48c3399719b582dd63eb5aadf12a40b4c3f52fa2"},{"id":"contract_url","value":"https://ethplorer.io/address/0x48c3399719b582dd63eb5aadf12a40b4c3f52fa2"},{"id":"previous_cid","value":"\"https://ipfs.everipedia.org/ipfs/QmRsd5oD97kEn7qEMZYfctLDnHUFqn8zupe5C3VpcahRzF\""},{"id":"commit-message","value":"\"Republishing the StakeWise wiki with updated content and links.\""},{"id":"previous_cid","value":"QmRsd5oD97kEn7qEMZYfctLDnHUFqn8zupe5C3VpcahRzF"}],"events":[],"user":{"id":"0x8af7a19a26d8fbc48defb35aefb15ec8c407f889"},"author":{"id":"0x8af7a19a26d8fbc48defb35aefb15ec8c407f889"},"language":"en","version":1,"linkedWikis":{"blockchains":[],"founders":[],"speakers":[]}}